Prep: Rinse the rice, mince the garlic, trim the chicken thighs, and preheat the oven to 375°F.
In a Dutch oven or oven-safe dish, combine the chicken with garlic, soy sauce, vinegar, bay leaves, black pepper, oil, and brown sugar if using; cover and bake for 25–30 minutes.
While the chicken bakes, bring coconut milk, water, salt, and rinsed rice to a boil in a saucepan; reduce to low, cover, and simmer until tender and fluffy, about 15–18 minutes.
To make the sauce, heat oil in a small pan over medium, then sizzle garlic and scallions for 1 minute; pour the hot oil over soy sauce and lime juice in a bowl, and stir in chili flakes or chili crunch if using.
Uncover the chicken and broil on low for 3–5 minutes, until the top is browned and slightly crisp; let rest, then slice or shred.
Build bowls with coconut rice, adobo chicken, avocado, onions, herbs, and a generous spoonful of the soy-lime sauce.
Serve with lime wedges and extra sauce on the side.